Luis Badesa

Welcome to my website!

I am Associate Professor in Power Systems at the Technical University of Madrid (UPM).

My research aims to facilitate a cost-effective integration of renewable energies: I develop mathematical models to operate electricity grids and markets efficiently. You can see a summary here (in English) and here (in Spanish).

Teaching resources:

• Notes on duality in optimization, KKT conditions and shadow prices
• (In Spanish) - Material docente de Teoría de Circuitos (libro, ejercicios y diapositivas)

• Operation and economics of low-inertia power systems
• Markets for future decarbonised electricity grids
• Convex optimisation of distributed energy resources under uncertainty
• Data-driven methods for power system stability
• Resilience of energy systems

Imperfect Competition in Markets for Short-Circuit Current Services
Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
(under review)
arXiv  ·  code

On the Impact of Voltage Unbalance on Distribution Locational Marginal Prices
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2026
arXiv  ·  code

Least-Cost Overvoltage Control in PV-Rich Distribution Networks via Unbalanced Optimal Power Flow
Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 2026
arXiv  ·  slides  ·  code

Who should pay for frequency-containment ancillary services? Making responsible units bear the cost to shape investment in generation and loads
Energy Policy, 2025
arXiv  ·  slides  ·  video

Adaptive Droop Gain Control for Optimal Kinetic Energy Extraction from Wind Turbines to Support System Frequency
IEEE Access, 2024
IEEE Xplore  ·  slides

Cost Allocation for Inertia and Frequency Response
Ancillary Services
IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation
2024
arXiv

Frequency Response from Aggregated V2G Chargers With Uncertain EV Connections
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2023
arXiv  ·  slides

Assigning Shadow Prices to Synthetic Inertia and Frequency Response Reserves from Renewable Energy Sources
IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2023
arXiv  ·  slides

Reinforcement Learning and Mixed-Integer Programming for Power Plant Scheduling in Low Carbon Systems:
Comparison and Hybridisation
Applied Energy, 2023
arXiv

Chance-constrained allocation of UFLS candidate feeders under high penetration of distributed generation
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2023
arXiv

Value of Optimal Trip and Charging Scheduling of Commercial Electric Vehicle V2G Fleets in Future Low Inertia Systems
Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 2022
arXiv

Probabilistic Scheduling of UFLS to Secure Credible Contingencies in Low Inertia Systems
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2022
arXiv  ·  slides

Conditions for Regional Frequency Stability in Power System Scheduling—Part II: Application to Unit Commitment
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2021
arXiv  ·  code  ·  video
Awarded the 2021 Supergen Energy Networks research paper prize

Conditions for Regional Frequency Stability in Power System Scheduling—Part I: Theory
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2021
arXiv
Awarded the 2021 Supergen Energy Networks research paper prize

Ancillary services in Great Britain during the COVID-19 lockdown: A glimpse of the carbon-free future
Applied Energy, 2021
arXiv  ·  video

Value of Point-of-load Voltage Control for Enhanced Frequency Response in Future GB Power System
IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2020
arXiv

Pricing inertia and Frequency Response with diverse dynamics in an MISOCP formulation
Applied Energy, 2020
arXiv  ·  code

Optimal Portfolio of Distinct Frequency-Response Services in Low-Inertia Systems
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2020
arXiv  ·  video

Scenario generation of aggregated Wind, Photovoltaics and small Hydro production for power systems applications
Applied Energy, 2019
HAL  ·  code

Simultaneous Scheduling of Multiple Frequency Services in Stochastic Unit Commitment
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2019
arXiv  ·  code

Evaluation of Different Market Clearing Algorithms Applied to the Mainland Spain Electricity System
2026 International Conference on the European Energy Market
arXiv ·  code

Evaluating the Impact of a Load Admittance Approximation in Transient Stability-Constrained Optimal Power Flow
2026 Power & Energy Society General Meeting
arXiv ·  code

Evaluating Deployment Strategies for Battery Storage in the Mainland Spain Electricity System
2026 Power & Energy Society General Meeting
code

Analyzing the Impact of Demand Response on Short-Circuit Current via a Unit Commitment Model
2026 Power & Energy Society General Meeting
arXiv ·  code

Evaluation of Voltage Unbalance Metrics in Distribution Networks with High DER Penetration
2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech
arXiv

Analyzing the Role of the DSO in Electricity Trading of VPPs via a Stackelberg Game Model
2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech
arXiv ·  code

Enhancing Resilience During Islanding Events Through Price-Responsive Loads
2022 IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies
IEEE Xplore

Importance of Linking Inertia and Frequency Response Procurement: The Great Britain Case
2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech
arXiv

Optimal Scheduling of Frequency Services Considering a Variable Largest-Power-Infeed-Loss
2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting
arXiv

Economic Value of Inertia in Low-Carbon Power Systems
2017 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies
arXiv

Impact of Wind Generation on Dynamic Voltage Stability and Influence of the Point of Interconnection
2016 IEEE GreenTech
IEEE Xplore

Monitoring Power System Transient Stability Using Synchrophasor Data
2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting
IEEE Xplore

Research Group in July 2025

Left to right:
Marta Espinosa, Gabriel Vargas, Peng Wang,
Fayezeh Mahmoudnezhad, Araceli Hernández, Josu Chasco,
Felipe Salazar, Luis Badesa, Alireza Zabihi, Alex Coelho,
Andrea Espinosa

Nelu
(since 2023)

Research topic:
'Finding optimal strategies for obtaining treats from partially gullible humans'

Yuechen Dong
PhD student, since 2026

Research line:
'Optimal generation dispatch to achieve small-signal stability'

Alex Junior da Cunha Coelho
PhD student, since 2025

Research line:
'Economic operation of low-carbon power systems with stability guarantees'

Peng Wang
PhD student, since 2024

Research line:
'Markets for stability services in low-carbon power systems'

Alireza Zabihi
PhD student, since 2024

Research line:
'Design of future distribution networks to achieve power quality and cost efficiency'

Felipe Salazar-Durán
PhD student (part-time), since 2024

Research line:
'New economic models for the operation of low-inertia power grids'

• Montse Jiménez, BSc student at UPM (graduated 2026)
• Research line: 'Inter-temporal constraints for therma generation within Unit Commitment models'
• Quentin Morvan, visiting MSc student at UPM from INSA-Lyon, 2025
• Research line: 'Market clearing algorithms for the Mainland Spain electricity system'
• Gabriel Vargas, visiting BSc student at UPM from MIT, 2025
• Research line: 'Unbalanced AC OPF with voltage limits through Graph Neural Networks'
• Andrea Espinosa del Pozo, MSc student at UPM (graduated 2025)
• Research line: 'Unbalanced Optimal Power Flow for overvoltage control in PV-rich distribution networks'
• Prize for best MSc thesis awarded by the Association of Industrial Engineers
• Xavier Josu Chasco Quintana, MSc student at UPM (graduated 2025)
• Research line: 'Evaluating strategies to deploy battery storage in the Spanish electricity system'
• Javier Isasia, BSc student at UPM (graduated 2025)
• Research line: 'Topology optimization for a cost-effective operation of electricity networks'
• Marco Navia-Orellana, visiting PhD student at UPM from ULiège, 2024
• Research line: 'Development of frequency-secured dispatch models for the Bolivian power grid'
• Wenbo Ye, BSc student at UPM (graduated 2024)
• Research line: 'Development of DC-OPF and AC-OPF implementations in Julia-JuMP'
• Cormac O'Malley, PhD student at Imperial College (graduated 2022)
• PhD thesis: 'Secure and Cost-Effective Operation of Low Carbon Power Systems Under Multiple Uncertainties'
• María Parajeles, MSc student at Imperial College (graduated 2021)
• Research line: 'Allocation of contingency-triggered load disconnection in highly renewable power grids'
• Yujing Zhou, MSc student at Imperial College (graduated 2021)
• Research line: 'Market mechanisms for grid-following and grid-forming inverters in low-carbon power grids'

• (In Spanish) "¿Quién debería pagar por la estabilidad en la red eléctrica?", podcast de Energía a Granel, 2025
  YouTube
• "Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Systems – Decision Support for System Operators", Technical Brochure by CIGRE Working Group C2.18, 2023
  Full text
• "Behind-The-Meter Distributed Energy Resources: Estimation, Uncertainty Quantification, and Control", technical report by IEEE Task Force on Behind-The-Meter Distributed Energy Resources, 2023
  Full text
• "Hydrogen applications for grid balancing", technical report for Horizon 2020 project GreenHyScale, 2022
  Full text
• "Benefits of addressing regional frequency stability through demand-side flexibility", technical report for UKRI project FastFlex, 2022
  Full text  ·  Slides
• "Electrification is the main road to decarbonization", summary paper from the World Economic Forum council on Clean Electrification, 2022
  Full text
• "Impacts of COVID-19 on the Energy System", multi-disciplinary briefing paper by Imperial College's Energy Futures Lab, 2021
  Full text  ·  Panel discussion
• "Getting to Net Zero: Increasing Clean Electrification by Empowering Demand", report by the World Economic Forum council on Clean Electrification, 2021
  Full text
• "Whole-System Value of Long-Duration Energy Storage in a Net-Zero Emission Energy System for Great Britain", report commissioned by SSE Renewables through Imperial Consultants, 2021
  Full text
• "What has COVID-19 taught us about decarbonized electricity grids?", article for the World Economic Forum, 2021
  Article
• "Low Carbon Conversations: A Tricky Balance", podcast for Imperial College's Energy Futures Lab, 2021
  Libsyn  ·  Spotify  ·  Apple podcast

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